(Automobile Electrical
Symbols)
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Component (i) Electrical Wire (ii) Wrie connected (iii) wire not connected (iv) push button switch (N.O) (v) push button switch (N.C.) (vi) Heavy duty switch (vii) Dip Switch (viii) Jumper (ix) Earth ground (x) Chasis ground (xi) Thermistor (xii) Trimmer Resistor (xiii) Condensor (xiv) Induction cral (xv) Generator / Alternater (xvi) Battery (xvii) Control voltage source (xviii) Voltmeter (xix) Ammeter (xx) Diode (xxi) Zener Diode (xxii) Light emitting diode (LED) (xxiii) Motor (xxiv) Fuse (xxv) speark gap (xxvi) lamp/ligh bulb |
Description (i) ;g symbol electrical wire ds ckjs esa crkrk gSA (ii) ;g symbol crkrk gS fd wire crous gqbZ gS vkSj vkil esa tqM+h gqbZ gSA (iii) ;g symbol fn[kkrk gS fd wire croused gS ijarq joint ughaA (iv) momentary switch vkerkSj ij ;g [kqyk j[kk
tkrk gSA (v) momentary switch vkerkSj ij ;g close
j[kk tkrk gSA (vi) ;g automobile esa dkQh txg iz;ksx gksrk gSA (vii) Dip switch dk iz;ksx onboard
configuration ds fy, iz;ksx djrs gSA (viii) Pins ij Jumpr yxkdj fd, also connection. (ix) Potential reference dh zero ds fy, vkSj bySfDVªd shock dks de djus ds fy,A (x) ;g circuit dh
chasis ls connect gksus dks fn[kkrk gSA (xi) Thermal relistor gS tks temperature ds change gksus ij resistance
change djrk gSA (xii) Preset Resistor (xiii) Condensor dk iz;ksx electric
charge dks store djus
ds fy, djrs gS] ;g AC ds Short circuit vkSj DC ds
fy, open circuit dk dk;Z djrk gSA (xiv) blesa primary vkSj (xv) Generator/Alternater dks mechanical
rotation }kjk electric voltage iSnk dh tkrh gSA (xvi) Constant voltage iSnk djrh gSA Long
line positive terminal dks vkSj short line
negative terminal dks indicate djrk gSA (xvii) ;g voltage current
function ds :i voltage dks iSnk djrk gSA (xviii) Voltage dh eki djrk gS] bldk parallel
esa dkQh vf/kd izfrjks/k gksrk gSA (xix) Electric current dh eki djrk gS] ;g series
esa circuit esa
tqM+k gksrk gSA (xx) ;g diode ,d gh fn'kk esa current dks cgus nsrk gSA figure esa current dk flow
leaft ls right gksrk
gSA (xxi) current dks ,d gh fn'kk esa cgus nsrk
gSA ijarq break down voltage vf/kd gksus ij reverse
direcation esa Hkh flow gks ldrk gSA (xxii) LED current cgus ij light iSnk djrh gSA (xxiii) Electric Motor (xxiv) Fuse current ds ls above gkssus ij disconnect gks tkrk gSA circuit dks high current ls
proteat djrk gSA (xxv) Spark gap, spark plug esa fn;k tkrk gSA (xxvi) Current cgus ij izdk'k iSnk djrk gSA |
Q1. Automobiles esa
mainly fdrus izdkj dh cables iz;ksx dh tkrh gSa \
Ans.
(i) Starting System Cables
(ii) General Purpose Cables
(iii) High Tension Cables
Starting System Cables:- tc Cranking
motor dks switch on djrs gS
rks ;g vius dk;Z dh 'kq:vkr ds fy, battery ls current
ysrh gSA blfy, ;g t:jh gks tkrk gS f dbl izdkj ds heavy
current ds ;ksX; cable dk
iz;ksx fd;k tk,A vkerkSj ij rhu vyx&vyx izdkj dh vulcanized (oYduhd`r) rubber ;k PVC
dh cables dk
iz;ksx djrs gSaA 37/0.900, 61/0.900 vkSj 61/1.100
dh cables starting system ds fy, suitable ekuh
xbZ gSA
General Purpose Cables:- bl category
esa yxHkx 12 izdkj
ds size dh cable dk iz;ksx dh tkrh gSA flaxy daMDVj ds fy, 9/035-120
/0.350 vkSj Mcy daMDVj ds fy, 9/0.350-35/0.350
dh range gksrh
gSA 9/0.350 dh three conductor cable Hkh iz;ksx dh tkrh gSA
High Tension Cable:- Ignition Coil (bfXu'ku
Dok;y) dks distributor ls ,oa distributor (fMLVªhV;wVj)
dks lHkh LikdZ ls tksM+us okyh cable HT
Cable dh catogery ds under
vkrh gSA bu cables dh
voltage 6000 ls 22000 v gksrh gSA vkt dy natural rubber ds
LFkku ij neoprene rubber dk iz;ksx dh tkrh gSA
Q2. Mainly Cable Colour codes fdrus izdkj ds gksrs gSa \
Ans. Cables dks
vklkuh ls identify djus ds fy, vkSj wiring
system dks simplify djus
ds fy, cables dks colour fd;k
tkrk gSA Seven colur code system esa brown,
yellow, red, white, green, blue vkSj black vkfn vkrs gSA
Brown Cable:- Brown Cables Battery Circuit ds fy, use fd, tkrs gSA bldk iz;ksx cranking
motor switch ls ammeter, mlls radio receiver rd]
mlls electric clock rd] mlls inspection
socket rd] mlls battery ds auxiliary fuse rd tkrk
gSA
Yellow Cable:- budk iz;ksx generator
circuit ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA bl cable dks generator terminal ls corresponding
control box terminal rd vkSj mlls ignition
warning light rd tkrk gSA
Green Cables:- bu Cables dk iz;ksx ignition circuits esa
vkSj vU; circuits esa Hkh iz;ksx djrs gS ftuesa fuse
ds }kjk current ikl
gksrk gSA tSls ignition switch, electric fuel pump, starter motor,
solenoid switch vkfnA
Bluse Cables:- budk iz;ksx headlamp
circuit ds fy, djrs gSA ;s cables side vkSj tail lamp circuit ds fy,
iz;ksx fd, tkrs gS] bldk iz;ksx fog lamp, panel light vkSj
vU; lHkh ySEiksa ds fy, tc side lamp operation esa
gksA
Black Cables:- budk iz;ksx earth circuits ds fy,
fd;k tkrk gSA
Q3. Wiring Harness ls
D;k vfHkizk; gSa \
Ans. Harness esa cables
dh bunches gksrs
gSa ftlesa lHkh components dks connect fd;k tkrk gSA izR;sd bunch PVC tape ds lkFk ,d nwljs ls tqM+h gksrh gS ftlesa electrical ds connection cukus ds fy, individual
cables nh gksrh gSA
·
vkt Electrical
system dkQh complex gksus
ds dkj.k izR;sd electrical component dks
vyx&2 tksM+uk tedious vkSj costly gks x;k gSA
·
bl flLVe dk drawback
;g gS fd ;fn dksbZ cable dk;Z djuh can gks tk,] rks blds lek/kku ds fy, iwjh harness
dks dkVuk iM+rk gSA
Fill in the Blanks :-
(i) While selecting the cable size, the
……………… is kept in mind. (dscy lkbt lsysDV djrs le;
--------------- dks /;ku j[kk tkrk gSA)
(ii) When the cranking motor is switched
on, it draws ………… current in the beginning of its operation. (tc dzSafdx esVj dks fLop vkWu fd;k tk,] rks ;g vius dk;Z dh
'kq:vkr esa ----------------- djaV [khaprh gSA )
(iii) The cables connecting the ignition
coil to the central point of the distributor and from the distributor to the
various spark plugs full under the category of ……………. .(
bfXu'ku Dok;y ls fMLVªhC;wVj ds chp ds fgLls dks tksM+us okyh vkSj fMLVªhC;wVj
ls fofHkUu LikdZ Iyx dks tkus okyh dscy -----------------oxZ esa vkrh gSA )
(iv) The harness consists of ……………… of
cables leading to the various …………….. to be connected. (gkWuZl
esa dsoy dk ----------------gksrk gS tks fofHkUu ------------ dks tqM+k gksrk
gSA )
(v) ………………. Cables are used for the
battery circuit. (……………..dscy dk iz;ksx cSVjh lfdZV ds fy,
djrs gSA )
(vi) Yellow cables are used for the
……………..circuit. (ihyh dscy dk iz;ksx
----------------- lfdZV ds fy, djrs gSA )
(vii) White cable are used for the ……………..
circuit. (lQsn dscy dk iz;ksx ----------------- lfdZV
ds fy, djrs gSA )
(viii) Blue cables are used for the …………….
Circuit. (dkyh dscy dk iz;ksx --------------------
lafdZV ds fy, djrs gSA )
(ix) Black Cables are used for the …………….
Circuits. (dkyh dscy dk iz;ksx ------------------ lfdZV
ds fy, djrs gSA )
Ans.
(i) Voltage drop (oksYVst MªkWi)
(ii) Heavy (Hkkjh)
(iii) High tension cables (gkbZ Vsa'ku dscy)
(iv) Bunches, Components (xqPNs] Hkkxksa)
(v) Brown (Hkwjk)
(vi) Generator (tujsVj)
(vii) Ignition (bafXu'ku)
(viii) Headlamp
(ix) Earth (vFkZ)
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